List of tallest buildings in the United States

The United States is home to some of the world's tallest skyscrapers; eleven American buildings have held the title of tallest building in the world, and every titleholder from 1890 to 1998 was in the United States.[1] The 10-story Home Insurance Building, built in Chicago in 1885, is regarded as the world's first skyscraper; the building was constructed using a novel steel-loadbearing frame. As of 2011, only 4 of the 25 tallest buildings in the world are in the United States; before 1990, the U.S. had had all of the top ten tallest buildings.

As of 2011, the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) is the tallest skyscraper in the United States and the seventh-tallest freestanding structure in the world to the antenna and the 9th-tallest building in the world to the roof, with a height of 1,451 feet (442 meters). Prior to the September 11, 2001 attacks in New York City, the twin towers of the World Trade Center occupied the second and third positions on the list below. The North Tower stood at 1,368 feet (417 m), while the South was 1,362 feet (415 m) tall. They are the only buildings which would have qualified for the list which are no longer standing. Chicago and New York have always been the centers of U.S. skyscraper building. The eight tallest buildings in the U.S. are either in New York or Chicago, and of the top twenty-five buildings, eight are in Chicago and seven are in New York.

The 1776 foot (541 m) One World Trade Center (previously known as the Freedom Tower), scheduled for construction on the former World Trade Center site, will become the tallest building in the United States upon completion in 2013. The Chicago Spire (previously known as the Fordham Spire) which was under construction in Chicago, Illinois has been cancelled; it would have been the tallest building in the United States, rising 2,000 ft into the sky. Recently, in July 2011, real estate developer Bill Davies announced a proposal for a massive Old Chicago Main Post Office Redevelopment plan for Downtown Chicago that would include a 120 story twin tower that would also rise 2,000 feet (610 m). Other tall buildings that are either proposed or under construction include the, Trans National Place in Boston (1,175 feet (351.8), One Bayfront Plaza (1,049 feet (320 m) in Miami, Florida, and Waterview Tower (1,047 feet (319 m)) in [[Chicago]. If all the proposed buildings are completed at the current projections, nine of the ten tallest buildings in the United States would be located in either New York City (5 - 1 World Trade Center, Madison Square Garden Towers I and II, 2 World Trade Center, and Hudson Place Tower) or Chicago (3 - Willis Tower, Trump International, and the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel and Residence Tower), with the lone exception being the American Commerce Center in Philadelphia, which would be number two on the list (behind the 1 World Trade Center).

Contents

Tallest completed buildings

This lists ranks completed and topped out buildings in the United States that stand at least 700 feet (213 m) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed. Freestanding observation towers,while not habitable buildings, are included for comparison purposes; however, they are not ranked.

  Was the world's tallest building upon completion
Rank Name Image Location Height
ft (m)
Floors Year Notes
1 Willis Tower[A] Chicago
01.01,451 ft (442) 110 1974 9th-tallest building in the world; has been the tallest building in Chicago and the U.S. since 1973. In 2013, the One World Trade Center formerly known as the Freedom Tower,[8] in New York City is supposed to surpass the building by its spire, once completed. Formerly known as, and still commonly referred to as, the Sears Tower[2][3]
2 Empire State Building[A] New York City
03.01,250 (381) 102 1931 19th-tallest building in the world, tallest building in New York City; tallest building in the world from 1931 until 1973; first building in the world to contain over 100 floors; tallest building built in the U.S. and the world in the 1930s[4][5]
3 Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago
02.01,389 (423) 98 2009 12th-tallest building in the world; once planned to be the tallest in the world prior to World Trade Center attacks.
4 Bank of America Tower New York City
03.11,200 (366) 54 2009 second-tallest building in New York City and the 26th-tallest building in the world.[6][7]
5 Aon Center Chicago
04.01,136 (346) 83 1973 30th-tallest building in the world[8][9]
6 John Hancock Center Chicago
05.01,127 (344) 100 1969 34th-tallest building in the world; first trussed-tube building in the world; contains the highest residential units in the world; tallest building built in the U.S. in the 1960s[10][11]
7 Chrysler Building[A] New York City
06.01,046 (319) 77 1930 50th-tallest building in the world; tallest man-made structure in the world from 1930 until 1931, surpassing the Eiffel Tower; tallest brick building in the world.[12][13]
7 New York Times Building New York City
07.01,046 (319) 52 2007 50th-tallest building in the world, its record is tied with the Chrysler Building[14][15]
9 Bank of America Plaza Atlanta
08.01,023 (312) 55 1992 53rd-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Atlanta and the Southern United States; tallest building located in a state capital; tallest building in the U.S. outside of New York and Chicago; tallest building built in the U.S. in the 1990s[16][17]
10 U.S. Bank Tower Los Angeles
09.01,018 (310) 73 1989 54th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Los Angeles; tallest building in California; tallest building west of the Mississippi River and on the U.S. West Coast; tallest building in the world with a helipad on the roof [18][19]
11 Franklin Center Chicago
10.01,007 (307) 60 1989 54th-tallest building in the world. Originally known as the AT&T Corporate Center at its inauguration in 1989, the name was changed after Tishman Speyer acquired the building and the adjacent USG complex in 2004. [20][21]
12 JPMorgan Chase Tower Houston
11.01,002 (305) 75 1982 62nd-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Houston and Texas; tallest 5-sided building in the world[22][23]
13 Two Prudential Plaza Chicago
12.0995 (303) 64 1990 66th-tallest building in the world[24][25]
14 Wells Fargo Plaza Houston
13.0992 (302) 71 1983 68th-tallest building in the world[26][27]
15 Comcast Center Philadelphia
14.0975 (297) 57 2007 78th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Philadelphia; tallest building in Pennsylvania[28][29]
16 311 South Wacker Drive Chicago
15.0961 (293) 65 1990 75th-tallest building in the world[30][31]
17 American International Building New York City
16.0952 (290) 66 1932 84th-tallest building in the world[32][33]
18 Key Tower Cleveland
17.0947 (289) 57 1991 88th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Cleveland and Ohio; tallest building in the U.S. between New York City and Chicago until the 2007 completion of Comcast Center[34][35]
19 One Liberty Place Philadelphia
18.0945 (288) 61 1987 89th-tallest building in the world[36][37]
20 Columbia Center Seattle
19.0932 (284) 76 1985 94th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Seattle; fourth-tallest building west of the Mississippi River[38]
21 The Trump Building[A] New York City
20.0927 (283) 70 1930 101st-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the world for two months in 1930 until the completion of the Chrysler Building, also known as 40 Wall Street.[39][40]
22 Bank of America Plaza Dallas
22.0921 (281) 72 1985 104th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Dallas[41][42]
23 Citigroup Center New York City
22.0915 (279) 59 1977 109th-tallest building in the world.[43][44]
24 Williams Tower Houston
23.0901 (275) 64 1983 116th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the world located outside of a city's central business district[45][46]
25 Renaissance Tower Dallas
24.0886 (270) 56 1974 121st-tallest building in the world; originally constructed at a height of 710 feet (216 m); rooftop spires were added in 1987, increasing the building's structural height to 886 feet (270 m).[47][48]
26 8 Spruce Street New York City 876 / 267 76 2010 Topped out[49][50]
26= 900 North Michigan Chicago
25.0871 (265) 66 1989 135th-tallest building in the world[51][52]
26= Bank of America Corporate Center Charlotte
26.0881 (265) 60 1992 134th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Charlotte[53][54] and the Carolinas
26= SunTrust Plaza Atlanta
27.0871 (265) 60 1992 141st-tallest building in the world.[55][56]
29 Trump World Tower New York City
28.0861 (262) 72 2001 144th-tallest building in the world; tallest all residential building in the world from 2000 until 2002[57][58]
30 Water Tower Place Chicago
29.0859 (262) 74 1976 144th-tallest building in the world[59][60]
31 Aon Center Los Angeles
30.0858 (262) 62 1974 149th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the U.S. west of the Mississippi River from 1974 until 1982[61][62]
32 Transamerica Pyramid San Francisco
31.0853 (260) 48 1972 156th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in San Francisco; tallest building in the U.S. west of the Mississippi River from 1972 until 1974[63][64]
33= Chase Tower Chicago
32.0850 (259) 60 1969 165th-tallest building in the world[65][66]
33= GE Building New York City
33.0850 (259) 69 1933 165th-tallest building in the world[67][68]
35 Two Liberty Place Philadelphia
34.0848 (258) 58 1990 170th-tallest building in the world[69][70]
36 Park Tower Chicago
35.0844 (257) 67 2000 172nd-tallest building in the world[71][72]
37 U.S. Steel Tower Pittsburgh
36.0841 (256) 64 1970 175th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Pittsburgh; largest roof in the world at its height or taller[73][74][75]
38 Chase Tower Indianapolis
37.0830 (253) 49 1990 193rd-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Indianapolis; tallest building in the Midwest outside of Chicago and Cleveland[76]
39 One Atlantic Center Atlanta
38.0820 (250) 50 1987 Also known as the IBM Tower.[77][78]
40= Aqua Chicago
38.1819 (250) 82 2009 144th-tallest building in the world[79]
40= The Legacy at Millennium Park Chicago
38.2819 (250) 72 2009
42 CitySpire Center New York City
39.0814 (248) 75 1987
43 One Chase Manhattan Plaza New York City
40.0813 (248) 60 1960
44 Conde Nast Building New York City
41.0809 (247) 48 1999 Also known as 4 Times Square[80][81]
45 MetLife Building New York City
42.0808 (246) 59 1963 Formerly known as the PanAm Building[82]
46 Bloomberg Tower New York City
43.0806 (246) 54 2005
47= IDS Tower Minneapolis
45.0792 (241) 57 1973 Tallest building in Minneapolis[83]
47= Mellon Bank Center Philadelphia
45.1792 (241) 54 1990
47= Woolworth Building[A] New York City
46.0792 (241) 57 1913 Tallest building in the world from 1913 until 1930; tallest building built in the U.S. and the world in the 1910s[84][85]
50 Hancock Place Boston
47.0790 (241) 60 1976 Tallest building in Boston and New England; also known as the John Hancock Tower[86][87]
51 Four Seasons Hotel & Tower Miami
48.0789 (240) 64 2003 Tallest building in Miami and Florida[88][89]
52 Comerica Bank Tower Dallas
49.0787 (240) 60 1987 Formerly known as Bank One Center and Chase Center.[90][91]
53 300 North LaSalle Chicago
49.1785 (239) 60 2009 [92][93]
54 30 Hudson Street Jersey City
50.0781 (238) 42 2003 Tallest building in Jersey City and New Jersey[94][95]
55 Bank of America Center Houston
51.0780 (238) 56 1983 [96][97]
56 555 California Street San Francisco
52.0779 (237) 52 1969 Tallest building on the West Coast from 1969 to 1972. Renamed from Bank of America Center in 2005. Tallest building constructed in the city in the 1960s.[98][99]
57 One Worldwide Plaza New York City
53.0778 (237) 50 1989 [100]
58 Capella Tower Minneapolis
54.0776 (237) 56 1992 Formerly known as First Bank Place and US Bancorp Tower[101][102]
59 Wells Fargo Center Minneapolis
55.0773 (236) 57 1988
60 1201 Third Avenue Seattle
56.0771 (235) 55 1988 Formerly known as the Washington Mutual Tower[103][104]
62 191 Peachtree Tower Atlanta
57.0770 (235) 50 1991 [105][106]
63 Three First National Plaza Chicago
58.0767 (234) 57 1981 [107][108]
64= Duke Energy Center Charlotte
58.1764 (233) 48 2009 [109][110]
64= Southeast Financial Center Miami
59.0764 (233) 55 1984 [111][112]
66 Heritage Plaza Houston
60.0762 (232) 53 1987 [113][114]
67 Carnegie Hall Tower New York City
61.0757 (231) 60 1991 [115][116]
68= Chicago Title and Trust Center Chicago
62.0756 (230) 50 1992 [117][118]
68= Enterprise Plaza Houston
63.0756 (230) 55 1980 [119][120]
70 383 Madison Avenue New York City
64.0755 (230) 47 2001 Formerly known as the Bear Stearns World Headquarters[121][122]
71 AXA Center New York City
752 (229) 54 1986 [123][124]
72= 1251 Avenue of the Americas New York City
69.0750 (229) 54 1971 [125][126]
72= One Penn Plaza New York City
70.0750 (229) 57 1972 [127][128]
72= Time Warner Center Tower North Tower New York City
70.1750 (229) 55 2004 [129][130]
72= Time Warner Center Tower South Tower New York City
70.2750 (229) 55 2004 [130][131]
72= Two California Plaza Los Angeles
70.3750 (229) 52 1992 [132][133]
77= Gas Company Tower Los Angeles
72.1749 (228) 52 1991 [134][135]
77= Goldman Sachs World Headquarters New York City
72.2749 (228) 44 2009 [136]
77= Prudential Tower Boston
72.3749 (228) 52 1964 Stood as the tallest building in North America outside of New York City upon its completion[137]
80= 60 Wall Street New York City
74.0745 (227) 56 1989 [138]
80= One Astor Plaza New York City
75.0745 (227) 54 1972 [139][140]
80= RSA Battle House Tower Mobile
75.1745 (227) 35 2007 Tallest building in Mobile and Alabama[141][142]
83= Blue Cross Blue Shield Tower Chicago
76.0743 (227) 54 2010 Topped out[143][144]
83= One Liberty Plaza New York City
76.1743 (227) 54 1974 [145][146]
85= 7 World Trade Center New York City
77.0741 (226) 52 2006 [147]
85= 20 Exchange Place New York City
77.1741 (226) 57 1931 [148][149]
85= Centerpoint Energy Plaza Houston
78.0741 (226) 53 1974 [150]
88= Two Union Square Seattle
80.0740 (226) 56 1989 [151]
88= 200 West Street New York City
80.0740 (226) 44 2010 [151]
89= Bell Atlantic Tower Philadelphia
81.0739 (225) 55 1991 Also known as Verizon Tower[152][153]
89= Three World Financial Center New York City
82.0739 (225) 51 1986 [154][155]
91 JPMorgan Chase Tower Dallas
83.0738 (225) 55 1987 [156][157]
92= Bank of America Plaza Los Angeles
84.0735 (224) 55 1975 [158][159]
92= Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas* Las Vegas
84.1735 (224) 63 2009 Under construction; the Fontainebleau Resort was topped out in early 2009, becoming the tallest building in Las Vegas and Nevada.[160][161]
94 One Museum Park Chicago
85.0734 (224) 62 2009 Tallest all-residential building in Chicago, second-tallest all-residential building in the U.S. after the Trump World Tower in New York City[162][163]
95 Bertelsmann Building New York City
85.1733 (223) 45 1990 [164]
96 Continental Center One Houston
86.0732 (223) 53 1984 [165][166]
97 Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center Detroit
87.0727 (222) 70 1977 Tallest all-hotel building in the world upon completion; now stands as the tallest hotel in the Western Hemisphere. Tallest building in Detroit.[167][168]
98= 777 Tower Los Angeles
88.0725 (221) 53 1991 [169]
98= Fullbright Tower Houston
90.0725 (221) 52 1982 [170][171]
98= One Mellon Center Pittsburgh
90.1725 (221) 54 1983 [172][173]
98= Olympia Centre Chicago
89.0725 (221) 63 1986 [174][175]
102 Times Square Tower New York City
90.2724 (221) 49 2004 [176]
103= Wells Fargo Tower Los Angeles
90.3723 (220) 54 1982 [177][178]
103= Westin Peachtree Plaza Hotel Atlanta
90.4723 (220) 70 1973 [179]
105 Seattle Municipal Tower Seattle
90.5722 (220) 62 1990 [180]
106 Fountain Place Dallas
90.6720 (220) 63 1986 [181]
107 Figueroa at Wilshire Los Angeles
90.7717 (219) 53 1990 [182][183]
108 Metropolitan Tower New York City
90.8716 (218) 68 1987 [184][185]
109= One Shell Plaza Houston
90.9714 (218) 50 1971 [186][187]
109= Republic Plaza Denver
91.0714 (218) 56 1984 Tallest building in Denver[188][189]
111= Revel Casino — North Tower* Atlantic City
91.05710 (216) 47 2011 Under construction; has been topped out. Tallest building in Atlantic City (tied with sister tower)[190][191]
111= Revel Casino — South Tower* Atlantic City
91.05710 (216) 47 2011 Under construction; has been topped out. Tallest building in Atlantic City (tied with sister tower)[190][191]
113= 500 Fifth Avenue New York City
91.1709 (216) 58 1931 [192]
113= 1801 California Street Denver
91.2709 (216) 53 1982 [193]
114 Terminal Tower Cleveland
91.3708 (216) 52 1930 Tallest building in North America outside of New York City until the completion of the Prudential Tower in Boston in 1967[194]
115 JPMorgan Chase World Headquarters New York City
91.4707 (216) 52 1960 [195][196]
116 General Motors Building New York City
91.5705 (215) 50 1968 [197][198]
117= Marquis Miami Miami
91.6700 (213) 63 2008 [199]
117= Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower[A] New York City
91.7700 (213) 50 1909 Tallest building in the world from 1909 until 1913; Tallest building built in the U.S. and the world in the first decade of the 1900s[200][201]

* indicates building is still under construction, but has been topped out

Tallest buildings by pinnacle height

This lists ranks completed and topped out buildings in the United States that stand at least 800 feet (244 m) tall based on pinnacle height measurement, which includes antenna masts. Standard architectural height measurement, which excludes antennas in building height, is included for comparative purposes.

Rank Name City Pinnacle height
ft (m)
Standard height
ft (m)
Reference
1 Willis Tower Chicago 01.01,730 (527) 1,451 (442) [2]
2 John Hancock Center Chicago 02.01,500 (457) 1,127 (344) [11]
3 Empire State Building New York City 03.0 1,454 (443) 1,250 (381) [5]
4 Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago 03.11,389 (423) 1,389 (423) [202]
5 Bank of America Tower New York City 04.01,200 (366) 1,200 (366) [7]
6 Aon Center Chicago 05.01,136 (346) 1,136 (346) [9]
7 Conde Nast Building New York City 06.01,118 (341) 809 (247) [81]
8= Chrysler Building New York City 07.01,046 (319) 1,046 (319) [13]
8= New York Times Building New York City 08.01,046 (319) 1,046 (319) [15]
10 Bank of America Plaza Atlanta 09.01,040 (317) 1,023 (312) [17]
11 U.S. Bank Tower Los Angeles 10.01,018 (310) 1,018 (310) [19]
12 AT&T Corporate Center Chicago 11.01,007 (307) 886 (270) [21]
13 JPMorgan Chase Tower Houston 12.01,002 (305) 1,002 (305) [23]
14 One Shell Plaza Houston 13.01,000 (305) 714 (218) [187]
15 Two Prudential Plaza Chicago 14.0995 (303) 995 (303) [25]
16 Wells Fargo Bank Plaza Houston 15.0992 (302) 992 (302) [27]
17 Comcast Center Philadelphia 16.0975 (297) 975 (297) [29]
18 Columbia Center Seattle 17.0967 (295) 932 (284) [38]
19 311 South Wacker Drive Chicago 18.0961 (293) 961 (293) [31]
20 American International Building New York City 19.0952 (290) 952 (290) [33]
21 Key Tower Cleveland 20.0947 (289) 947 (289) [35]
22 One Liberty Place Philadelphia 21.0945 (288) 945 (288) [37]
23 Bloomberg Tower New York City 22.0941 (287) 806 (246) [203]
24 40 Wall Street New York City 23.0927 (283) 927 (283) [40]
25 Bank of America Plaza Dallas 24.0921 (281) 921 (281) [42]
26 Citigroup Center New York City 25.0915 (279) 915 (279) [44]
27 One Prudential Plaza Chicago 26.0912 (278) 601 (183) [204]
28 IDS Center Minneapolis 27.0910 (277) 792 (241) [44]
29 Prudential Tower Boston 27.0907 (276) 749 (228) [137]
30 SunTrust Plaza Atlanta 28.0902 (275) 871 (265) [56]
31 Williams Tower Houston 29.0901 (275) 901 (275) [46]
31= Renaissance Tower Dallas 30.0886 (270) 886 (270) [48]
33 Westin Peachtree Plaza Atlanta 32.0883 (269) 723 (220) [179]
34= 900 North Michigan Chicago 33.0871 (265) 871 (265) [205]
34= Bank of America Corporate Center Charlotte 34.0871 (265) 871 (265) [54]
36 Trump World Tower New York City 35.0860 (262) 860 (262) [58]
37 Water Tower Place Chicago 36.0859 (262) 859 (262) [60]
38 Aon Center Los Angeles 37.0858 (262) 858 (262) [62]
39 Transamerica Pyramid San Francisco 38.0853 (260) 853 (260) [64]
40= Chase Tower Chicago 39.0850 (259) 850 (259) [66]
40= GE Building New York City 40.0850 (259) 850 (259) [68]
42 Two Liberty Place Philadelphia 41.0848 (258) 848 (258) [70]
43 Park Tower Chicago 42.0844 (257) 844 (257) [72]
44 U.S. Steel Tower Pittsburgh 43.0841 (256) 841 (256) [74]
45 Chase Tower Indianapolis 44.0830 (253) 830 (253) [76]
46 One Atlantic Center Atlanta 45.0820 (250) 820 (250) [78]
47= Aqua* Chicago 38.1819 (250) 819 (250) [79]
47= The Legacy at Millennium Park* Chicago 38.2819 (250) 819 (250) [206]
49 CitySpire Center New York City 46.0814 (248) 814 (248) [207]
50 One Chase Manhattan Plaza New York City 47.0813 (248) 813 (248) [208]
51 MetLife Building New York City 48.0808 (246) 808 (246) [82]

* Indicates building is still under construction, but has been topped out.

Tallest under construction, approved and proposed

Under construction

This lists buildings that are under construction in the United States and are planned to rise at least 700 feet (213 m). Buildings that have already been topped out are included.

Name Image Location Height
ft (m)
Floors Year*
(est.)
Notes
One World Trade Center New York City
02.01,776 (541) 105 2013 Will become the tallest building in the United States and the Western Hemisphere and the tallest all-office building in the world. Formerly known as the Freedom Tower.[209]
Two World Trade Center New York City 01.01,349 (411) 88 2015 Also known as 200 Greenwich Street.
Three World Trade Center New York City 01.01,171 (357) 80 2014 Also known as 175 Greenwich Street.
Waterview Tower Chicago
01.01,047 (319) 90 2012
Carnegie 57 New York City 01.01,005 (306) 75 2013
Four World Trade Center New York City
03.0977 (297) 72 2013 Also known as 175 Greenwich Street[210]
Four Seasons Hotel and Condominiums New York City
05.0912 (278) 68 2014 On hold. Also known as 99 Church Street and 30 Park Place[211]
Devon Energy Tower Oklahoma City
04.0850 (259) 50 2013 Will be the tallest building in Oklahoma upon completion[212]
Met 3 Miami
07.0828 (252) 75 2012 [213][214]
56 Leonard Street New York City
08.0821 (250) 57 [215]
The Capital at Brickell Tower II Miami
10.0806 (246) 56 2009 [216]
360 Tenth Avenue New York City
11.0774 (236) 61 [217]
Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas Las Vegas
14.0735 (224) 68 2009 Currently Topped out.[160][161]
50 West Street New York City
15.0714 (218) 69 2012 [218][219]
Revel Entertainment Resort – South Tower Atlantic City
17.0710 (216) 70 2010 Twin north tower completed, south tower resumed construction.
[220][221][222]

* Table entries with dashes (—) indicate that information regarding building dates of completion has not yet been released.

Approved

This lists buildings that are approved for construction in the United States and are planned to rise at least 700 feet (213 m).

Name City Height
ft (m)
Floors Year
(est.)
Notes
American Commerce Center Philadelphia 01.01,510 (460) 63 2012 Cancelled [223][224][225][226]
Wilshire Grand Tower I Los Angeles 05.51,250 (380) 60 2014 [227]
15 Penn Plaza New York City 01.21,216 (370) 67 2014 [228]
Transbay Transit Center & Tower San Francisco 07.01,070 (326) 61 2013 [229][230][231][232]
Renzo Piano Tower I San Francisco 08.01,070 (326) 61 [231][233][234]
Renzo Piano Tower II San Francisco 09.01,070 (326) 61 [231][233][235]
One Bayfront Plaza Miami 02.01,010 (308) 80 2017 [236][237]
Brickell Financial Centre Phase II Miami 08.0903 (275) 68 2014 [238][239]
Transbay Project III San Francisco 26.0853 (260) [240]
1101 Brickell Miami 06.0849 (259) 74 2009 [241][242]
100 South Biscayne II Miami 08.0824 (251) 70 2015 [236][243]
World Jewelry Center Las Vegas 09.0815 (248) 57 2010 [244][245]
Harborside Plaza 7 Jersey City 11.0800 (244) 59 2008 [246][247]
Allure Tower II Las Vegas 11.01795 (242) 72 2011 [248][249]
Brickell Flatiron Miami 12.0794 (242) 70 2009 [250][251]
Paramount Park Miami 15.0756 (230) 68 2009 [252][253]
The Metropolitan Jersey City 16.0755 (230) 67 2009 [254][255]
Lynx West Central Tower Miami 18.0746 (227) 76 2009 [256][257]
Five World Trade Center New York City 37.0743 (227) 57 2013 [258][259]

Proposed

This lists buildings that are proposed for construction in the United States and are planned to rise at least 700 feet (213 m). A floor count of 50 stories is used as the cutoff for buildings whose heights have not yet been released by their developers.

Name City Height*
ft (m)
Floors* Year*
(est.)
Notes
Old Chicago Main Post Office Redevelopment Chicago 2,000 (610) 120 Proposed in July 2011
Madison Square Garden Project Tower I New York City 02.01,400 (427) 112 Cancelled [260]
Madison Square Garden Project Tower II New York City 03.01,400 (427) 112 Cancelled [260]
Hudson Place Tower I New York City 04.01,300 (396) 110 2015 [261]
Tower Verre New York City 05.51,250 (381) 75 [262][263]
Manhattan West Tower I New York City 06.01,216 (371) 66 2013 [264]
Trans National Place Boston 10.01,175 (358) 75 2011 [265][266]FAA objected to the building's proposed height
Hudson Place Tower II New York City 12.01,080 (329) 2015 [261]
375 East Wacker Drive Chicago 13.01,030 (314) 76 2010 [267]
Empire World Tower I Miami 14.01,022 (312) 93 2010 [268][269]
Empire World Tower II Miami 15.01,022 (312) 93 2010 [269][270]
Emerald City Tower I Seattle 15.01,000+ (305+) 82
MW Tower St. Louis 15.11,000 (305) 90 [271]
The GiraSole New York City 60 2011 [272][273]
Capitol Grand Tower Sacramento 16.0965 (294) 70 2009 [274]
Manhattan West Tower II New York City 17.0935 (285) 60 2013 [275]
181 Fremont Street San Francisco 19.0900 (274) 66 2012 [276][277]
Renzo Piano Tower III San Francisco 20.0900 (274) [233]
Renzo Piano Tower IV San Francisco 20.0900 (274) [233]
Grant Park Tower IV Chicago 21.0900 (274) 83 [278]
29 South LaSalle Chicago 22.0870 (265) 51 2009 [279][280]
708 First Avenue Tower I New York City 24.0864 (263) 57 2008 [281]
InterContinental Chicago North Tower Chicago 27.0850 (259) 71 2009 [282][283]
685 First Avenue New York City 28.0836 (255) 67 2008 [284][285]
T. Stacy and Associates Condo Tower Austin 30.0830 (253) 70 [286]
South Bay Tower Boston 31.0800 (244) 67 2010 [287][288][289]
Grant Park Tower III Chicago 33.0790 (241) 73 [290][291]
560 North Fairbanks Chicago 34.0787 (240) 58 2010 [292][293]
Renzi Las Vegas Tower I Las Vegas 34.1776 (237) 63 2009 Considered to be a stale proposal[294]
Renzi Las Vegas Tower II Las Vegas 34.2776 (237) 63 2009 Considered to be a stale proposal[294]
1490 Biscayne Boulevard Miami 36.0744 (227) 73 2010 [295][296]
Infinity II Miami 19.0736 (224) 65 2010 [297]
Encinal Tower Oakland 37.2715 (218) 56 [298]
Columbus Centre Miami 38.0710 (216) 56 2010 [299]

* Table entries with dashes (—) indicate that information regarding building heights, floor counts or dates of completion has not yet been released.

Tallest destroyed

This table lists the 10 tallest buildings in the United States that have been demolished, destroyed, or are undergoing demolition.

  Was the world's tallest building upon completion
Name Image City Height
ft (m)
Floors Year
completed
Year
demolished
Notes
One World Trade Center[A] New York City 01.01,368 (417) 110 1972 2001 Destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks; tallest building in the world from 1972 until 1974.[300][301]
Two World Trade Center New York City 02.01,362 (415) 110 1973 2001 Destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks.[302][303]
Singer Building New York City 03.0612 (187) 47 1908 1968 Demolished to make room for One Liberty Plaza; tallest building ever to be demolished by a company; tallest building in the world from 1908 until 1909[304][305]
7 World Trade Center New York City 04.0610 (186) 47 1987 2001 Destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks[306][307]
Deutsche Bank Building New York City 05.0565 (172) 40 1974 2011 Deconstructed due to damage sustained from the September 11, 2001 attacks[308]
Morrison Hotel Chicago 06.0526 (160) 45 1926 1965 Demolished to make room for the Chase Tower[309][310]
One Meridian Plaza Philadelphia 07.0492 (150) 38 1972 1999 Deconstructed due to damage from a 1991 fire[311][312]
City Investing Building New York City 08.0487 (148) 33 1908 1968 Demolished with the Singer Building to make room for One Liberty Plaza[313][314]
J.L. Hudson Company Department Store Detroit 09.0410 (125) 29 1911 1998 Tallest building ever imploded; tallest department store in the world at the time of its completion[315][316]
First National Bank Building Pittsburgh 09.0387 (118) 26 1912 1970
Landmark Tower Fort Worth 09.0380 (116) 29 1957 2006 Second tallest building to ever be imploded at the time of its destruction[317][318]

Timeline of tallest buildings

This is a list of the history of the tallest buildings in the United States.

This lists buildings that once held the title of tallest building in the United States.

  Was also the world's tallest building upon completion
Name Image Location Years as tallest Height
ft (m)
Floors Reference
Christ Church, Philadelphia Philadelphia
1754–1810 18.0196.75 (60.0) 1 [319][320]
Park Street Church Boston
1810–1846 17.0217 (66) 1 [321]
Trinity Church New York City
1846–1869 16.0279 (85) 1 [322]
Saint Michael's Church Chicago
1869–1885 15.0290 (88) 1 [323]
Chicago Board of Trade Building Chicago
(demolished 1929)
1885–1890 14.0322 (98) 10 [324]
New York World Building New York City
(demolished 1955)
1890–1895 13.0348 (106) 20[A] [325]
Manhattan Life Insurance Building New York City
(demolished 1930)
1894–1895 12.0348 (106) 18 [326]
Milwaukee City Hall Milwaukee
1895–1899 11.0353 (108) 15 [327]
Park Row Building New York City
1899–1901 10.0391 (119) 30 [328]
Philadelphia City Hall Philadelphia
1901–1908 09.0548 (167) 7 [329]
Singer Building New York City
(demolished 1968)
1908–1909 08.0612 (187) 47 [305]
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower New York City
1909–1913 07.0700 (213) 50 [330]
Woolworth Building New York City
1913–1930 06.0792 (241) 57 [331]
Bank of Manhattan Trust Building New York City
1930 05.0927 (283) 70 [40]
Chrysler Building New York City
1930–1931 04.01,046 (319) 77 [13]
Empire State Building New York City
1931–1972 03.01,250 (381) 102 [5]
One World Trade Center New York City
(destroyed 2001)
1972–1974 02.01,368 (417) 110 [301]
Willis Tower
(formerly the Sears Tower)
Chicago
1974–present 01.01,451 (442) 110 [2]

See also

Notes

A. ^ a b c d e f g This skyscraper was the world's tallest building when completed.
B. ^ According to the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, freestanding observation towers are not considered to be buildings, as they are not fully habitable structures. This structure is included for comparative purposes.

References

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  2. ^ a b c "Willis Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=5. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  3. ^ "Farewell Sears Tower: Tallest Building in U.S. Renamed". Fox News. July 15, 2009. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,532960,00.html?test=latestnews. Retrieved July 16, 2009. 
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  10. ^ "John Hancock Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=johnhancockcenter-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  36. ^ "One Liberty Place". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1libertyplace-philadelphia-pa-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  38. ^ a b "Columbia Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=52. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  39. ^ "The Trump Building". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=streettrumpbuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  55. ^ "SunTrust Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=suntrustplaza-atlanta-ga-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  57. ^ "Trump World Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=trumpworldtower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  59. ^ "Water Tower Place". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=watertowerplace-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  63. ^ "Transamerica Pyramid". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=transamericapyramid-sanfrancisco-ca-usa. Retrieved 2007-08-17. 
  64. ^ a b "Transamerica Pyramid". SkyscraperPage. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1601. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  65. ^ "Chase Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=chasetower-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  66. ^ a b "Chase Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=44. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  67. ^ "GE Building". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=gebuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  68. ^ a b "GE Building". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=203. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  69. ^ "Two Liberty Place". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=2libertyplace-philadelphia-pa-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  71. ^ "Park Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=parktower-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  73. ^ "U.S. Steel Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=usouthsteeltower-pittsburgh-pa-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  77. ^ "One Atlantic Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1atlanticcenter-atlanta-ga-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  79. ^ a b "Aqua". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=aqua-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  80. ^ "4 Times Square". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=condenastbuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  81. ^ a b "Conde Nast Building". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3837. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  82. ^ a b "MetLife Building". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=metlifebuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  83. ^ "IDS Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=157. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  84. ^ "Woolworth Building". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=woolworthbuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  86. ^ "John Hancock Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1287. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  87. ^ "Hancock Place". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=johnhancocktower-boston-ma-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  88. ^ "Four Seasons Hotel & Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=4seasonshoteltower-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  89. ^ "Four Seasons Hotel and Tower". Structurae.de. http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0017746. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  90. ^ "Comerica Bank Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=chasecenter-dallas-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  92. ^ "300 North LaSalle". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=300northlasalle-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  94. ^ "30 Hudson Street". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=30hudsonstreet-jerseycity-nj-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  98. ^ "555 California Street". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=555californiastreet-sanfrancisco-ca-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  99. ^ "555 California Street". SkyscraperPage. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=238. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  101. ^ "Capella Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=225south6-minneapolis-mn-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  102. ^ "225 South Sixth". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2491. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  103. ^ "1201 Third Avenue Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=washingtonmutualtower-seattle-wa-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  104. ^ "1201 Third Avenue Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=164. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  105. ^ "191 Peachtree Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=191peachtreetower-atlanta-ga-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  106. ^ "191 Peachtree Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=239. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  107. ^ "Three First National Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=31nationalplaza-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  108. ^ "Three First National Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=211. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  109. ^ "Duke Energy Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=wachoviasouthtryonproject-charlotte-nc-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
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  111. ^ "Wachovia Financial Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=wachoviafinancialcenter-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  112. ^ "Wachovia Financial Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=5966. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  113. ^ "Heritage Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=heritageplaza-houston-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  114. ^ "Heritage Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=230. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  115. ^ "Carnegie Hall Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=carnegiehalltower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  116. ^ "Carnegie Hall Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=188. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  117. ^ "Chicago Title & Trust Building". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=chicagotitletrustbuilding-chicago-il-usa923. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  118. ^ "Chicago Title & Trust Building". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=212. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  119. ^ "Enterprise Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1100louisiana-houston-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  120. ^ "Enterprise Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=251. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  121. ^ "383 Madison Avenue". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=bearstearnsworldheadquarters-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  122. ^ "383 Madison Avenue". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1958. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  123. ^ "AXA Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=axacenter-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  124. ^ "AXA Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3794. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  125. ^ "1251 Avenue of the Americas". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1251avenuenueofstreetamericas-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  126. ^ "1251 Avenue of the Americas". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2597. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  127. ^ "One Penn Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1pennplaza-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  128. ^ "One Penn Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=249. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  129. ^ "Time Warner Center North Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=timewarnercenternorthtower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  130. ^ a b "Time Warner Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3852. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  131. ^ "Time Warner Center South Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=timewarnercentersouthtower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  132. ^ "Two California Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=2californiaplaza-losangeles-ca-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  133. ^ "Two California Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6415. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  134. ^ "Gas Company Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=gascompanytower-losangeles-ca-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  135. ^ "Gas Company Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1292. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  136. ^ "Goldman Sachs Headquarters". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=goldmansachsheadquarters-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  137. ^ a b "Prudential Tower: Prudential Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2188. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  138. ^ "60 Wall Street". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2724. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  139. ^ "One Astor Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1astorplaza-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  140. ^ "One Astor Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=306. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  141. ^ "RSA Battle House Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=102429. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  142. ^ "RSA Battle House Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6402. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  143. ^ "Blue Cross-Blue Shield Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=bluecrossblueshieldtower-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  144. ^ "Blue Cross-Blue Shield Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6375. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  145. ^ "One Liberty Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1libertyplaza-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  146. ^ "1 Liberty Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2376. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  147. ^ "7 World Trade Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=7worldtradecenter-newyorkcity-ny-usa868. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  148. ^ "20 Exchange Place". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=20exchangeplace-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  149. ^ "20 Exchange Place". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=231. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  150. ^ "Centerpoint Energy Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1089. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  151. ^ a b "Two Union Square". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=2unionsquare-seattle-wa-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  152. ^ "Bell Atlantic Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=bellatlantictower-philadelphia-pa-usa. Retrieved 2007-08-22. 
  153. ^ "Bell Atlantic Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=323. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  154. ^ "Three World Financial Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=3worldfinancialcenter-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  155. ^ "Three World Financial Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=248. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  156. ^ "JPMorgan Chase Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=jpmorganchasetower-dallas-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  157. ^ "JP Morgan Chase Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=120. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  158. ^ "Bank of America Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=bankofamericaplaza-losangeles-ca-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  159. ^ "Bank of America Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=234. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  160. ^ a b "Fontainebleau Resort Hotel". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=fontainebleauresorthotel-lasvegas-nv-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  161. ^ a b "Fontainebleau Resort & Casino". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=51448. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  162. ^ "One Museum Park". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1museumpark-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  163. ^ "One Museum Park". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=35956. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  164. ^ "Bertelsmann Building". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1033. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  165. ^ "Continental Center I". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=continentalcenteri-houston-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  166. ^ "Continental Center One". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=295. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  167. ^ "Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=marriottrenaissancecenter-detroit-mi-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  168. ^ "Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3523. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  169. ^ "777 Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2458. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  170. ^ "Fullbright Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=fullbrighttower-houston-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  171. ^ "Fullbright Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=296. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  172. ^ "One Mellon Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1melloncenter-pittsburgh-pa-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  173. ^ "Mellon Bank Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=324. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  174. ^ "Olympia Centre". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=olympiacentre-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  175. ^ "Olympia Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=213. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  176. ^ "Times Square Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=5773. Retrieved 2007-11-22. 
  177. ^ "Wells Fargo Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=wellsfargotower-losangeles-ca-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  178. ^ "Wells Fargo Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2819. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  179. ^ a b "Westin Peachtree Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=253. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  180. ^ "Seattle Municipal Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=156. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  181. ^ "Fountain Place". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=114. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  182. ^ "Figueroa at Wilshire". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=figueroaatwilshire-losangeles-ca-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  183. ^ "Figueroa at Wilshire". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1357. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  184. ^ "Metropolitan Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=metropolitantower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  185. ^ "Metropolitan Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=307. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  186. ^ "One Shell Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1shellplaza-houston-tx-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  187. ^ a b "One Shell Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=235. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  188. ^ "Republic Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=republicplaza-denver-co-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  189. ^ "Republic Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2699. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  190. ^ a b "Revel Casino". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=340999. Retrieved 2010=07-11. 
  191. ^ a b "Revel Entertainment Resort — North Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=68604. Retrieved 2010-07-11. 
  192. ^ "500 Fifth Avenue". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=232. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  193. ^ "1801 California". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2700. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  194. ^ "Terminal Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1954. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  195. ^ "JP Morgan Chase World Headquarters". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=jpmorganchaseworldheadquarters-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  196. ^ "JP Morgan Chase World Headquarters". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2589. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  197. ^ "General Motors Building". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=generalmotorsbuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  198. ^ "General Motors Building". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2311. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  199. ^ "Marquis". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=37258. Retrieved 2009-08-05. 
  200. ^ "Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=metropolitanlifeinsurancecompanytower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  201. ^ "Met Life Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=303. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  202. ^ "Trump International Hotel & Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=trumpinternationalhoteltower-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  203. ^ "Bloomberg Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3401. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  204. ^ "One Prudential Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3799. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  205. ^ "900 North Michigan". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=161. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  206. ^ "The Legacy at Millennium Park". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=streetlegacyatmillenniumpark-chicago-il-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  207. ^ "CitySpire Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7153. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  208. ^ "One Chase Manhattan Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=236. Retrieved 2009-08-04. 
  209. ^ "One World Trade Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  210. ^ "Four World Trade Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7803. Retrieved 2007-11-22. 
  211. ^ "Four Seasons Hotel and Condominiums". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=71534. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  212. ^ "Devon Energy HQ Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=78797. Retrieved 17 January 2010. 
  213. ^ "Met 3". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=met3-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  214. ^ "Met 3". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=23787. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  215. ^ "56 Leonard Street". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=56leonardstreet-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  216. ^ "Capital Towers at Brickell". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=39449. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  217. ^ "360 10th Avenue". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=68821. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  218. ^ "50 West Street". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=50weststreet-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  219. ^ "50 West Street". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=62130. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  220. ^ "Revel". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/wm/cx/?id=120859. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  221. ^ "Atlantic City to be transformed by 2012". msnbc.com. Associated Press (Microsoft). 2007-11-20. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21886619/. Retrieved 2009-08-07. 
  222. ^ "Revel Entertainment Resort - South Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=68605. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  223. ^ "American Commerce Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=americancommercecenter-philadelphia-pa-usa. Retrieved 2008-03-24. 
  224. ^ "American Commerce Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://forum.skyscraperpage.com/showthread.php?t=147514. Retrieved 2008-03-14. 
  225. ^ "American Commerce Center is a go". Philly.com. 2008-12-12. http://www.philly.com/philly/news/20081212_American_Commerce_Center_is_a_go.html. Retrieved 2008-12-15. 
  226. ^ Kostelni, Natalie (19 August 2011). "Liberty Property buys prime downtown site". Philadelphia Business Journal. http://www.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/print-edition/2011/08/19/liberty-property-buys-prime-downtown.html. Retrieved 20 August 2011. 
  227. ^ http://wilshiregrandredevelopment.com
  228. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 15_Penn_Plaza; see Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text
  229. ^ "Design & Development Competition". Transbay Joint Powers Authority. 2007-08-06. Archived from the original on 2007-07-01. http://web.archive.org/web/20070701061720/http://www.transbaycenter.org/TransBay/content.aspx?id=323. Retrieved 2007-09-09. 
  230. ^ King, John (2007-09-21). "'Aggressive schedule' for proposed Transbay transit center, tower". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/09/21/BAO7S9J2H.DTL. Retrieved 2007-09-21. 
  231. ^ a b c "Proposed high-rises in San Francisco". ESRI, San Francisco Planning Department (San Francisco Chronicle). 2007-01-20. http://www.sfgate.com/c/pictures/2007/01/20/ba_high_rises.jpg. Retrieved 2008-02-17. 
  232. ^ "Transbay Transit Center and Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=transbaytransitcenterandtower-sanfrancisco-ca-usa. Retrieved 2008-02-17. 
  233. ^ a b c d King, John (2006-12-21). "Proposal to build two massive towers in SF". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2006/12/21/BAGUNN44C07.DTL. Retrieved 2007-09-23. 
  234. ^ "Piano I - 1st St & Mission". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=58671. Retrieved 2008-02-17. 
  235. ^ "Piano II - 1st St & Mission". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=58669. Retrieved 2008-02-17. 
  236. ^ a b {{cite web|url=http://www.fecr.com/bayfrontPark/Bayfront_Plaza_Release.pdf|title=FECR Receives MUSP Approval for One Bayfront Plaza|format=PDF|accessdate=2009-08-16|publisher=Florida East Coast Realty}}
  237. ^ "One Bayfront Plaza". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=100southbiscayne-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-16. 
  238. ^ "Brickell Financial Centre Phase II". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=600brickellavenuenue-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  239. ^ "Brickell Financial Centre Phase II". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=43014. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  240. ^ "Transbay Terminal Tower 3". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=49631. Retrieved 2007-09-23. 
  241. ^ "1101 Brickell". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1101brickell-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  242. ^ "1101 Brickell". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=40620. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  243. ^ "100 South Biscayne II". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=100southbiscayneii-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  244. ^ "World Jewelry Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=worldjewelrycenter-lasvegas-nv-usa. Retrieved 2007-11-30. 
  245. ^ "World Jewelry Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=55382. Retrieved 2007-11-30. 
  246. ^ "Harborside Plaza 7". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=harborsideplaza7-jerseycity-nj-usa. Retrieved 2007-11-25. 
  247. ^ "Harborside Plaza 7". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=17119. Retrieved 2007-11-25. 
  248. ^ "Allure Resort Tower". City of Las Vegas. http://www5.lasvegasnevada.gov/sirepub/agdocs.aspx?doctype=agenda&itemid=21392. Retrieved 2008-05-16. 
  249. ^ "Allure Las Vegas - Tower II". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=allurelasvegastowerii-lasvegas-nv-usa. Retrieved 2008-05-16. 
  250. ^ "Brickell Flatiron". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=flatironbuilding-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  251. ^ "Flatiron Building". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=41427. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  252. ^ "Paramount Park". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=paramountpark-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  253. ^ "Paramount Park". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=37251. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  254. ^ "The Metropolitan". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=streetmetropolitan-jerseycity-nj-usa943. Retrieved 2007-11-25. 
  255. ^ "The Metropolitan". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=54495. Retrieved 2007-11-25. 
  256. ^ "Lynx West Central tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=lynxwestcentraltower-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  257. ^ "Lynx West Central Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=36593. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  258. ^ "Five World Trade Center". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=5worldtradecenter-newyorkcity-ny-usa566. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  259. ^ "Five World Trade Center". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7804. Retrieved 2009-08-06. 
  260. ^ a b "New York / Midtown Towers". SkyscraperCity.com. http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=486065. Retrieved 2007-11-22. 
  261. ^ a b "New York / The Hudson Yards". SkyscraperCity.com. http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=549787. Retrieved 2007-11-22. 
  262. ^ "Tower Verre". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=momaexpansiontower-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 2008-04-10. 
  263. ^ "New York/MoMA Tower". SkyscraperCity.com. http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=547360. Retrieved 2007-11-22. 
  264. ^ "Brookfield Properties Towers-Tower 1". Skyscraper Page. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=71940. Retrieved 2008-08-12. 
  265. ^ "Trans National Place". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=transnationalplace-boston-ma-usa. Retrieved 2007-08-02. 
  266. ^ Most, Doug (2007-05-25). "In 10 years You Will Be Able to...". The Boston Globe Magazine. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/magazine/special_projects/2007/futureofboston/in_10_years/. Retrieved 2007-08-03. 
  267. ^ "375 East Wacker Drive". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=62406. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  268. ^ "Empire World Tower I". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=empireworldtoweri-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-08-29. 
  269. ^ a b "Empire World Towers". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=37024. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  270. ^ "Empire World Tower II". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=empireworldtowerii-miami-fl-usa. Retrieved 2007-09-03. 
  271. ^ "MW Tower". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=268892. Retrieved 2009-08-24. 
  272. ^ "The GiraSole". Emporis.com. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=251226. Retrieved 2009-08-16. 
  273. ^ "The GiraSole". SkyscraperPage.com. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=67664. Retrieved 2009-08-16. 
  274. ^ "Capitol Grand Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. http://forum.skyscraperpage.com/showthread.php?t=107705. Retrieved 2007-08-04. 
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